HW4.6

REAGAN’S POLICIES OF LOWERING TAXES, AND CUTTING SPENDING ON SPCIAL PROGRAM IN THE 1980’S FIT HIS “BRAND” OF CONSERVATISM.

Reagan’s policy of lowering taxes fits his promise in 1980s; in his Supply-Side Economic Theory, he increased the supply by lowering the taxes. Also, he signed a bill in August 1981 that cut federal taxes by 25% over a three year period. (HA!)

Furthermore, cuts in social spending on social program fit his promises. He used “Block Grants” to pay for each state’s social program which were connected to health, education, and welfare to states. (HA!)

HW4.5

REAGAN’S POLICY FIT HIS "BRAND" OF CONSERVATISM BY LOWER TAXED, AND CUTS IN SPENDING ON SOCIAL PROGRAM IN THE 1980’S.

Lower taxes are one of the Reagan’s conservative agenda in the 1980’s. To make economic grow, he used Supply-Side Economics plan, which increase the supply of good and services. Furthermore, he signed a bill in August 1981 that cut federal taxes by 25%. These are ways how he lowered the taxes.

Also, cuts in spending on social program were another plan in Reagan’s conservative agenda. He thought more about health, education, and welfare to states. He pied social program for each states by using block grants. This allows them to use the money anytime the wanted.

HW4.4

Male chauvinists are to blame for America's trend toward high divorce rates in the starting of 1970s.

Male chauvinists are to be blamed for high divorce rates because they didn't respect their wives. “Women went on strike against the men who wanted them to cook and make beds while the men went around in cars organizing (Zinn).” They expect their wives to do all the house works. This makes wives feel they are unimportant in their husband's eyes. This will lead to divorce.

Also, male chauvinists are to be blamed for high divorce rate because they want to clarify whose low self-esteem. Due to "Jennifer Fever", male chauvinists leave their family to find their “"Jennifer” to prove that they are still attractive. This will lead frustration to their wives, and increase divorce rate.

Popular TV shows from 1970s also show that chauvinists are the cause of the rise of divorce rate. Archie said to his daughter after he knew his daughter’s applying a job, “You ain't applying for no job, a women's price is till in the home.” If a husband tried to stop his wife from doing her “creative job”, then the marriage most likely won’t last for long. It will result in a no-fault divorce and increase divorce rate.

HW.4.3

Chauvinist is to be blame for America's trend toward high divorce rates in the starting of 1970s.

Chauvinist is to be blamed for high divorce rates because they didn't respect their wives. They expect their wives to do all the house works. This makes wives feel they are unimportant in their husband's eyes. This will lead to divorce.

Also, Chauvinist is to be blamed for high divorce rate because of low self-esteem. Chauvinist leaves their family to find younger women because they want to prove they are still attractive. This will lead frustration to their wives, and increase divorce rate.

HW4.2

Who is to blame for America's trend toward high divorce rates, starting in the 1970s?


The no fault divorce policy in 1970s caused husbands to leave their family because a full time hearing and proof of cause was not required. As long as the couple agreed, they can have an inexpensive no fault divorce. This caused a high divorce rate in the 1970s.

Men are to be blamed for high divorce rates in the 1970s because men didn’t respect their wife. They expect their wife to do all the house works. For example, taking care of children, and preparing meals. Many wives felt that they were unimportant, especially in their husband’s eye.

Housewives were also called “soccer moms” because while moms are taking care of child, dads are checking on other young women. Men leave their family to find younger women because they want to prove themselves that they are still attractive. This leads frustration to their wives, and increase divorce rate.

HW4.1

Document C
Questions for understanding
1.“Mr. Dash” is Sam Dash, an attorney for the Senate Watergate Committee. What does he hope to discover, overall from his questions of Mr. Kalmbach?
Mr.Dash hoped to discover if Nixon did the assignment illegally or legally. He wanted to know if Nixon bribes to do the assignment or not.

2.Why do you suppose Mr. Dash makes Mr. Kalmbach recount his trip from the West Coast to Washington, DC?
Mr.Dash will be able to check if Mr.Kalmbach was lying or not. Also, he could get more imformation about his trip.

Questions for exam practice
3.What is the message of Doc C?
Nixon and Mr. Kalmbach wanted to keep the assignment private.

4.What is the significance of the “$50,000 - $100,000”?
"$50,000 - $100,000" is significant as a large amount of money for the assignment.

5.What is one value of this document for the historian investigating whether men working for President Nixon broke the law or not?
This is value based on purpose. Mr. Dash wanted to proved that Nixon had broke the law. (bribery)

6.Is that value based on origin or purpose?
Value based on purpose

Sem2. HW8

"Non-violent resistance to injustice was a good strategy for southern civil rights leaders."



Non-violent resistance to injustice was a good strategy. For example, Montgomery Bus Boycott in 1955, which the Supreme Court upheld that segregation on buses was unconstitutional in 1956. Martin Luther King Jr got people’s support and helped African American get more rights.

On the other hand, Non-violent resistance wasn't a very good strategy in some ways. For example, “Letter from a Birmingham Jail.” People tried to march to Birmingham city in 1963. However, white police will arrest them or set the snarling dog to attack them.

Sem2.HW7

How effective was the burning of Washington during the War of 1812?


Both historians agree the question by stating the process of Burning of Washinton differently.







In Washington, DC, Part 3, the authors only wrote a paragraph describing the process of Burning of Washington during the War of 1812. However, they stated that when the burning of Washington was over, most of the city’s public building had been torched. This shows it’s effective to the US.

In 1812: war with American, the author spent a whole chapter on Burning of Washington. He had stated that at first American take no effective action toward the British. However, after the British started to burn Washington, the US government started to act. This also shows it’s effective to the US.



Sources:

Jon Latimer,1812:war with American, Harvard University Press, 2009. pg. 303. Web. 3 Mar.2010.

Becca Blond, Aaron Anderson,Washington, DC, Part3, Mr. Michael James Small, August 9, 2007. pg. 52. Web. 3 Mar.2010.

REPAIR

Sem2 HW4
"How does the CIA's activities in Iran show that the US behaves undemocratically in its foreign policy?"

The CIA overthrew Mossadeq in 1953 shows the US’s undemocratic behavior in its foreign policy. "The Chance for Peace" speech by Eisenhower states that ", any nation's attempt to dictate to other nations their form of government is indefensible."

The CIA used Bribery in the 1950s also shows the US’s undemocratic behavior in its foreign policy. They bribed Iranian officials, religious leader, and local gangs. For example, Princess Ashraf, and force the shah to help the coup.

The CIA hired mobs to topple Mossadeq shows the US’s undemocratic behavior in its foreign policy. They tried to create riot by hiring Iranian mobs, so they can bring the leader down.

Sem2.HW6

What arguments could be made FOR and AGAINST this statment: "America's poor, in the mid 20th century, were mostly responsible for their own problems."

Some said America’s poor were responsible for their own problems because of pauperism. Paupers rely on people’s donation and assist. However, there are still people who work called working poor. Working poor work hard to earn for their daily needs, but the salary is still not enough.

America’s poor can not be fully responsible for their own problem. For example, the Housing Act of 1949 and the urban renewal had both made urban poverty worse. The poor and their neighborhoods were bulldozed, so thousand of poverty had lost their houses.

Sem2.HW5

Q for 40.2: "How real was the threat of Communist spies within the USA?"
It was the threat of Communist spies within the USA because many Americans became Communist Sympathizer. Many believed that communist was better than capitalism. For example, they offer fairer way of a organizing a society, everyone shares the products equally, and extremes of wealth and poverty will fade away.

The Alger Hiss case had raise fears to the USA. Alger Hiss had served President Roosevelt as an adviser at the Yalta Conference; however, someone accused his as a spy of Soviet Union. Whittaker Chambers said that Hiss passed secrets to Soviet Union, and a federal grand said Hiss perjury or lying under oath.

Q for 40.3: "Is it fair to say that the anxiety caused in the US due to Nuclear threat, was useful and 'healthy?' (security of the nation . . . = its health).
It is fair to say that the anxiety caused in the US due to Nuclear threat, was useful and healthy. In 1951, congress established the Federal Civil Defense Administration (FCDA). It taught people how to protect themselves if there is a surprised nuclear attack, so they don’t have to rely on the military.

Sem2.HW4

"How does the CIA's activities in Iran show that the US behaves undemocratically in its foreign policy?"

During the 1930s, the United States used its airports and roads to transport 18 billion worth of military aid to British. Therefore, British got the power to refuse what the Iran demanded. Also, they bribed the local politicians, newspaper editors, and the radio director, so British were able to overthrow Mossadeq.

CIA spent $150,000 propaganda campaign to control Iran’s press and public, in order to overthrow Massadeq. It was a waste to spent huge amount of money on overthrowing a person who was not a pro-American. This act shows the US behaved undemocratically in its foreign policy.

Sem2.HW3

1. "How convincing was America's attempts to influence other parts of the world to side with them in the Cold War?" [39.4]

In 1953, the US government created the United States Information Agency (USIA) to influence other's hearts and minds by words and persuations. They used propaganda to raise fears of communism and highlight the benefits of capitalist democracy through films or radio broadcast, so it was very convincing to influence other to side with them.

In 1949, the US used foreign aid to assist other countries from the Third World, so they can gain new allies. On the other hand, the Third World really needed their support, so it was a win win situation for both side.

2. "How wise were America's decisions to produce advanced weapons during the Cold War's first 20 years?"[39.5]

It was not so wise for US to race to develop weapons against Soviet Union around 1950s and 60s. However, they were intelligent in quickly building strong weapons, such as H-bomb, nuclear missiles and submarines. It was also wise for the invention of the US scientists.

It was wise for US to produce advanced weapons as a threaten to contain Soviet Union. In 1950s, the government developed a foreign policy, Brinkmanship. Because of different strong weapons, the US was able to threaten Soviet Union and China that the US would use its nuclear weapons if they pushed too much.

Taiwan - Cold War

1. Where are the island of Quemoy and Matsu?
Quemoy and Matsu are about 8 miles off the coast of mainland china, and they are between Taiwan and China.
2. Who is Chaing Kai-Shek and why did he come to Taiwan?
He was the leader of democratic which was against Mao. He attempted to eradicate the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), but the CCP defeated Chiang Kai-Shek. Chiang Kai-Shek retreated to Taiwan.
3. Was Chaing’s move to Taiwan a sign that he and the KMT had decided to give up the fight against Mao and Communist Chinese?
No, Chaing’s move to Taiwan was not a sign that he and KMT had decided to give up the fight against Mao and Communist Chinese. He was forced to retreated to Taiwan, and he’s original plane was to rebuild his military at Taiwan and fight back.
4. Why does the US change its mind about defending Taiwan?
5. Why doesn’t Mao finish the Chinese Civil War by invading Taiwan in 1950?
Mao doesn’t finish the Chinese Civil War by invading Taiwan in 1950 because Mao thought Taiwan and the US were together, so he was afraid if he invades Taiwan, there will be a war.
6. In what ways can we say that smaller allies like China and Taiwan were able to make the superpowers (US and Soviets) do things they did not want to do?
Smaller allies were able to make the superpowers do things they did not want to do because Taiwan and China were fighting against (democratic vs. communist), and Mao sees the US as enemy. The US and Soviet Union were also fighting for it, so they have to support them.

Sem2.HW2

US used the method of Espionage to spy on Soviet Union in the late 1950s. US believed they could photograph Soviet military installations, but it was not successful. The Soviets shot down US spy plane, so the US pilot was caught by the Soviets. It was not justified for US to contain the spread of Communism.

In 1948 Soviet Union had established communist government, coup d’etat. The communist leaders had arrested, tried, and jailed people who opposed them. This act had alarmed the US, so the US had to try to prevent this happened. It will be justified if the US contains the spread of the communism.

Sem2.HW1

The Long Telegram (1946), written by George Kennan, saying that Soviet Union should be contained by U.S. If he didn’t write this telegram, U.S. government might not have to dominate Soviet Union so tight, and so they could have avoided the Cold War.

Soviets Union ignored an agreement with Britain in 1942, which they refused to leave Iran, caused the first major postwar crisis. If Soviets Union decides to respect the agreement they had made with Britain, there wouldn’t be any pressure between USSR and the U.S.

The Baruch Plan in 1946 could have avoided the Cold War between U.S. and Soviet Union. If the U.S. allows Soviet Union and the other to build nuclear weapons, then there wouldn’t be any argument about the unfairness in building the nuclear weapons.